Biosecurity covers the procedures, practices and other measures used to manage risks from biological agents (e.g. viruses, bacteria) or their products (e.g. toxins).
Terminology
The term “biosecurity” has different meanings in different contexts. As a few examples:
In agriculture, biosecurity usually refers to efforts to protect food crops or livestock from pests, invasive species, and infectious disease.
In national security, biosecurity usually refers to preventing theft, diversion, or deliberate malicious use of biological knowledge, materials or technologies.
In many non-English languages, biosecurity is not commonly distinguished from biosafety, or is seen as a sub-category of it.
Within the effective altruism community, biosecurity has been characterized as primarily covering “natural pandemics”, “bioterrorism and the intentional deployment of biological weapons”, and “dual use research and the possibility of accidental deployment of biological agents.”[1]
Further reading
Alexanian, Tessa (2021) A biosecurity and biorisk reading+ list, Effective Altruism Forum, March 13 (updated 16 March 2021).
Zabel, Claire (2017) Biosecurity as an EA cause area, Effective Altruism, August 13.
Related entries
biosurveillance | COVID-19 pandemic | existential risk | global catastrophic biological risk | Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security | life sciences research | Nucleic Acid Observatory | Nuclear Threat Initiative | terrorism | weapons of mass destruction
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Open Philanthropy (2014) Biosecurity, Open Philanthropy, January.