I think I understand your perspective, but I think there are two different ways of looking at any particular charity opportunity, and that is only one of them. I think each applies in different circumstances to different extents, and it can be difficult to tell how much each applies, depending on circumstances.
The first way of looking at it is the one that you described, where some other organization has already paid for its part of the health intervention, and would have paid for it regardless of if the donor donated any money. In that case, it might seem reasonable to me to mostly ignore the costs from the other organization, and only look at the cost paid by the donor when doing the CEA.
One example of where I think this would be applicable is when looking at a health intervention that has diminishing returns. For example, looking at AMF, probably the places where the LLINs will be most effective and least costly to distribute tend to receive them first. This could easily result in later LLINs being less cost-effective than earlier LLINs, so it might make sense to just look at what kind of impacting the donor is adding rather than looking at the total cost and impact of AMF.
The second way of looking at it is that the costs paid by the other organization were necessary for the health intervention, so we should account for those costs, although we would also need to somehow account for any other impacts from what the other organization spent. I think this way of looking at it is particularly valid if the money from the other organization will only be spent if the donor makes the donor’s donation, but I don’t think that’s a requirement.
For example, on the AMF website, it says “100% of public donations buys long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). An LLIN costs US$2.00.” But there are actually many other necessary costs that need to be paid in order for LLINs to be effective, like the costs of distribution and the costs of figuring out where additional LLINs are needed. So, if we assumed that $2/LLIN was the only cost being paid, we would end up with incorrect cost-effectiveness numbers.
One thing that I think can help decide which perspective to use is the relative cost-effectiveness of the other organization’s impact alone vs. the donor’s donation alone. If the cost-effectiveness of the other organization’s donations is a lot better than the one for the primary donor’s donation, then I think it might be safe not to account for the costs of the other organization’s donations. But, if not, I think it might make sense to account for the other organization’s costs.
For example, let’s say an organization spends $100 on a health intervention that saves one life. Then the donor comes along and pays another $10 to save a second life, but that donor can only do it because of the $100 that the organization already paid. In this case I think the more accurate cost-effectiveness for saving a life would be ($100 + $10) / 2 = $55, rather than just $10. However, if someone is just looking at which charity to donate to rather than trying to figure out realistically how many lives will be saved by a given donation, I could see the applicable number being $10/life. That’s because I could see someone from the charity saying, “Hey, somebody else made this $100 donation, but didn’t give us the other $10, even though it would make the intervention a lot more cost-effective, and it would be great if you could make up the difference.” That seems like a good donation to make. But if someone asked, “How many lives do your donations tend to save?”, I think the $55/life number would be more accurate.
In my case, I think the cost-effectiveness of Lafiya Nigeria is dramatically better than the cost-effectiveness of most global health interventions, even GiveWell’s top charities, so I think accounting for the overhead costs from other organizations might make sense. Although, maybe only in the context of figuring out how far the money will actually go, not necessarily in the context of trying to figure out which charity to donate to.
Also, to some extent, my cost-effectiveness number for Lafiya Nigeria just seems too low to be possible, so I’m trying to figure out what might be wrong with it. Trying to account for costs from organizations like the WHO seems like a promising path for doing that.
Thanks for all the feedback on this. I think I’ve done a lot more useful thinking regarding this as a result.
I think I understand your perspective, but I think there are two different ways of looking at any particular charity opportunity, and that is only one of them. I think each applies in different circumstances to different extents, and it can be difficult to tell how much each applies, depending on circumstances.
The first way of looking at it is the one that you described, where some other organization has already paid for its part of the health intervention, and would have paid for it regardless of if the donor donated any money. In that case, it might seem reasonable to me to mostly ignore the costs from the other organization, and only look at the cost paid by the donor when doing the CEA.
One example of where I think this would be applicable is when looking at a health intervention that has diminishing returns. For example, looking at AMF, probably the places where the LLINs will be most effective and least costly to distribute tend to receive them first. This could easily result in later LLINs being less cost-effective than earlier LLINs, so it might make sense to just look at what kind of impacting the donor is adding rather than looking at the total cost and impact of AMF.
The second way of looking at it is that the costs paid by the other organization were necessary for the health intervention, so we should account for those costs, although we would also need to somehow account for any other impacts from what the other organization spent. I think this way of looking at it is particularly valid if the money from the other organization will only be spent if the donor makes the donor’s donation, but I don’t think that’s a requirement.
For example, on the AMF website, it says “100% of public donations buys long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). An LLIN costs US$2.00.” But there are actually many other necessary costs that need to be paid in order for LLINs to be effective, like the costs of distribution and the costs of figuring out where additional LLINs are needed. So, if we assumed that $2/LLIN was the only cost being paid, we would end up with incorrect cost-effectiveness numbers.
One thing that I think can help decide which perspective to use is the relative cost-effectiveness of the other organization’s impact alone vs. the donor’s donation alone. If the cost-effectiveness of the other organization’s donations is a lot better than the one for the primary donor’s donation, then I think it might be safe not to account for the costs of the other organization’s donations. But, if not, I think it might make sense to account for the other organization’s costs.
For example, let’s say an organization spends $100 on a health intervention that saves one life. Then the donor comes along and pays another $10 to save a second life, but that donor can only do it because of the $100 that the organization already paid. In this case I think the more accurate cost-effectiveness for saving a life would be ($100 + $10) / 2 = $55, rather than just $10. However, if someone is just looking at which charity to donate to rather than trying to figure out realistically how many lives will be saved by a given donation, I could see the applicable number being $10/life. That’s because I could see someone from the charity saying, “Hey, somebody else made this $100 donation, but didn’t give us the other $10, even though it would make the intervention a lot more cost-effective, and it would be great if you could make up the difference.” That seems like a good donation to make. But if someone asked, “How many lives do your donations tend to save?”, I think the $55/life number would be more accurate.
In my case, I think the cost-effectiveness of Lafiya Nigeria is dramatically better than the cost-effectiveness of most global health interventions, even GiveWell’s top charities, so I think accounting for the overhead costs from other organizations might make sense. Although, maybe only in the context of figuring out how far the money will actually go, not necessarily in the context of trying to figure out which charity to donate to.
Also, to some extent, my cost-effectiveness number for Lafiya Nigeria just seems too low to be possible, so I’m trying to figure out what might be wrong with it. Trying to account for costs from organizations like the WHO seems like a promising path for doing that.
Thanks for all the feedback on this. I think I’ve done a lot more useful thinking regarding this as a result.
You’re welcome :) Apologies in advance if I’ve come across as too nitpicky and inadvertently confrontational by the way!