There’s still an ongoing debate as to whether or not the prefrontal cortex is necessary for consciousness in humans, with some claiming that it’s only necessary for report in humans:
Whether or not it is necessary for consciousness in humans could decide whether or not many nonhuman animals are conscious, assuming the kinds of processes happening in the prefrontal cortex are somehow fairly unique and necessary for consciousness generally, not just in humans (although I think attempts to capture their unique properties physically will probably fail to rule out panpsychism non-arbitrarily, like in this post).
There’s still an ongoing debate as to whether or not the prefrontal cortex is necessary for consciousness in humans, with some claiming that it’s only necessary for report in humans:
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness-neuroscience/#FronPost
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/37/40/9603
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/37/40/9593.full
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/mila.12264
Whether or not it is necessary for consciousness in humans could decide whether or not many nonhuman animals are conscious, assuming the kinds of processes happening in the prefrontal cortex are somehow fairly unique and necessary for consciousness generally, not just in humans (although I think attempts to capture their unique properties physically will probably fail to rule out panpsychism non-arbitrarily, like in this post).