You might check out this SEP article: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/morality-biology/. Haven’t read it myself, but looking at the table of contents it seems like it might be helpful for you (SEP is generally pretty high-quality). People have made a lot of different arguments that start from the observation that human morality has likely been shaped by evolutionary pressures, and it’s pretty complicated to try to figure out what conclusions to draw from this observation. It’s not at all obvious that it implies we should try to “escape the shackles of evolution” as you put it. It may imply that, but it also may not. (In particular, “selective evolutionary debunking arguments” seem to have implications along these lines, but “general evolutionary debunking arguments” seem to lead to almost the opposite conclusion.)
You might check out this SEP article: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/morality-biology/. Haven’t read it myself, but looking at the table of contents it seems like it might be helpful for you (SEP is generally pretty high-quality). People have made a lot of different arguments that start from the observation that human morality has likely been shaped by evolutionary pressures, and it’s pretty complicated to try to figure out what conclusions to draw from this observation. It’s not at all obvious that it implies we should try to “escape the shackles of evolution” as you put it. It may imply that, but it also may not. (In particular, “selective evolutionary debunking arguments” seem to have implications along these lines, but “general evolutionary debunking arguments” seem to lead to almost the opposite conclusion.)
You might also check out this post by Eliezer.