Not an expert, but Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) shows that we are not guaranteed to produce useful antibodies for arbitrary diseases. In fact, we can produce antibodies that make a disease worse!
This happens in dengue, where there are different serotypes of the disease and antibodies for one serotype can be non-neutralizing for others, but āoriginal antigenic sinā (I find this term quite funny) means that we donāt generate new ones and the infection is enhanced because the non-neutralizing antibodies recruit macrophages, which dengue likes to replicate in.
Hereās a Derek Lowe post from December 2020 on ADE, which also notes examples in HIV, Ebola, and coxsackievirus. I was in fact a bit worried about ADE with SARS-CoV-2 early in the pandemic, since spike protein immunization against feline coronaviruses has sometimes led to ADE.
Not an expert, but Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) shows that we are not guaranteed to produce useful antibodies for arbitrary diseases. In fact, we can produce antibodies that make a disease worse!
This happens in dengue, where there are different serotypes of the disease and antibodies for one serotype can be non-neutralizing for others, but āoriginal antigenic sinā (I find this term quite funny) means that we donāt generate new ones and the infection is enhanced because the non-neutralizing antibodies recruit macrophages, which dengue likes to replicate in.
Hereās a Derek Lowe post from December 2020 on ADE, which also notes examples in HIV, Ebola, and coxsackievirus. I was in fact a bit worried about ADE with SARS-CoV-2 early in the pandemic, since spike protein immunization against feline coronaviruses has sometimes led to ADE.