With the satellites I understood it as they being disrupted in several ways:
Their signal gets garbled, but they remain fine
Their electronics get fried
The increased drag in the atmosphere leads to them being de-orbited
What ultimately happens depends a lot on the orbit and how hardened the satellite is, but I haven’t seen research that tries to assess this in detail (but also haven’t looked very hard for this particular thing).
About the airplanes: Yeah this might be an option, though I think the paper that mentioned this said something along the lines “it is quite hard to predict where in the airplanes path the radiation will increase and they can receive the radiation quickly, which makes this hard to avoid”.
With the satellites I understood it as they being disrupted in several ways:
Their signal gets garbled, but they remain fine
Their electronics get fried
The increased drag in the atmosphere leads to them being de-orbited
What ultimately happens depends a lot on the orbit and how hardened the satellite is, but I haven’t seen research that tries to assess this in detail (but also haven’t looked very hard for this particular thing).
About the airplanes: Yeah this might be an option, though I think the paper that mentioned this said something along the lines “it is quite hard to predict where in the airplanes path the radiation will increase and they can receive the radiation quickly, which makes this hard to avoid”.