I don’t want to claim all EAs believe the same things, but if the congressional commission had listened to what you might call the “central” EA position, it would not be recommending an arms race because it would be much more concerned about misalignment risk. The overwhelming majority of EAs involved in AI safety seem to agree that arms races are bad and misalignment risk is the biggest concern (within AI safety). So if anything this is a problem of the commission not listening to EAs, or at least selectively listening to only the parts they want to hear.
In most cases this is a rumors based thing, but I have heard that a substantial chunk of the OP-adjacent EA-policy space has been quite hawkish for many years, and at least the things I have heard is that a bunch of key leaders “basically agreed with the China part of situational awareness”.
Again, people should really take this with a double-dose of salt, I am personally at like 50⁄50 of this being true, and I would love people like lukeprog or Holden or Jason Matheny or others high up at RAND to clarify their positions here. I am not attached to what I believe, but I have heard these rumors from sources that didn’t seem crazy (but also various things could have been lost in a game of telephone, and being very concerned about China doesn’t result in endorsing a “Manhattan project to AGI”, though the rumors that I have heard did sound like they would endorse that)
Less rumor-based, I also know that Dario has historically been very hawkish, and “needing to beat China” was one of the top justifications historically given for why Anthropic does capability research. I have heard this from many people, so feel more comfortable saying it with fewer disclaimers, but am still only like 80% on it being true.
Overall, my current guess is that indeed, a large-ish fraction of the EA policy people would have pushed for things like this, and at least didn’t seem like they would push back on it that much. My guess is “we” are at least somewhat responsible for this, and there is much less of a consensus against a U.S. china arms race in US governance among EAs than one might think, and so the above is not much evidence that there was no listening or only very selective listening to EAs.
I looked thru the congressional commission report’s list of testimonies for plausibly EA-adjacent people. The only EA-adjacent org I saw was CSET, which had two testimonies (1, 2). From a brief skim, neither one looked clearly pro- or anti-arms race. They seemed vaguely pro-arms race on vibes but I didn’t see any claims that look like they were clearly encouraging an arms race—but like I said, I only briefly skimmed them, so I could have missed a lot.
It looks to me like the online EA community, and the EAs I know IRL, have a fairly strong consensus that arms races are bad. Perhaps there’s a divide in opinions with most self-identified EAs on one side, and policy people / company leaders on the other side—which in my view is unfortunate since the people holding the most power are also the most wrong.
(Is there some systematic reason why this would be true? At least one part of it makes sense: people who start AGI companies must believe that building AGI is the right move. It could also be that power corrupts, or something.)
So maybe I should say the congressional commission should’ve spent less time listening to EA policy people and more time reading the EA Forum. Which obviously was never going to happen but it would’ve been nice.
Slightly independent to the point Habryka is making, which may well also be true, my anecdotal impression is that the online EA community / EAs I know IRL were much bigger on ‘we need to beat China’ arguments 2-4 years ago. If so, simple lag can also be part of the story here. In particular I think it was the mainstream position just before ChatGPT was released, and partly as a result I doubt an ‘overwhelming majority of EAs involved in AI safety’ disagree with it even now.
So maybe (the argument goes) we should take a cue from the environmental activists, and be hostile towards AI companies...
This is the most common question I get on AI safety posts: why isn’t the rationalist / EA / AI safety movement doing this more? It’s a great question, and it’s one that the movement asks itself a lot...
Still, most people aren’t doing this. Why not?
Later, talking about why attempting a regulatory approach to avoiding a race is futile:
The biggest problem is China. US regulations don’t affect China. China says that AI leadership is a cornerstone of their national security—both as a massive boon to their surveillance state, and because it would boost their national pride if they could beat America in something so cutting-edge.
So the real question is: which would we prefer? OpenAI gets superintelligence in 2040? Or Facebook gets superintelligence in 2044? Or China gets superintelligence in 2048?
Might we be able to strike an agreement with China on AI, much as countries have previously made arms control or climate change agreements? This is . . . not technically prevented by the laws of physics, but it sounds really hard. When I bring this challenge up with AI policy people, they ask “Harder than the technical AI alignment problem?” Okay, fine, you win this one.
I feel like a generic non-EA policy person reading that post could well end up where the congressional commission landed? It’s right there in the section that most explicitly talks about policy.
Scott’s last sentence seems to be claiming that avoiding an arms race is easier than solving alignment (and it would seem to follow from that that we shouldn’t race). But I can see how a politician reading this article wouldn’t see that implication.
Yep, my impression is that this is an opinion that people mostly adopted after spending a bunch of time in DC and engaging with governance stuff, and so is not something represented in the broader EA population.
My best explanation is that when working in governance, being pro-China is just very costly, and especially combining the belief that AI will be very powerful, and there is no urgency to beat China to it, seems very anti-memetic in DC, and so people working in the space started adopting those stances.
But I am not sure. There are also non-terrible arguments for beating China being really important (though they are mostly premised on alignment being relatively easy, which seems very wrong to me).
(though they are mostly premised on alignment being relatively easy, which seems very wrong to me)
Not just alignment being easy, but alignment being easy with overwhelmingly high probability. It seems to me that pushing for an arms race is bad even if there’s only a 5% chance that alignment is hard.
I think most of those people believe that “having an AI aligned to ‘China’s values’” would be comparably bad to a catastrophic misalignment failure, and if you believe that, 5% is not sufficient, if you think there is a greater than 5% of China ending up with “aligned AI” instead.
I think that’s not a reasonable position to hold but I don’t know how to constructively argue against it in a short comment so I’ll just register my disagreement.
Like, presumably China’s values include humans existing and having mostly good experiences.
This is inconsistent with my impressions and recollections. Most clearly, my sense is that CSET was (maybe still is, not sure) known for being very anti-escalatory towards China, and did substantial early research debunking hawkish views about AI progress in China, demonstrating it was less far along than ways widely believed in DC (and that EAs were involved in this, because they thought it was true and important, because they thought current false fears in the greater natsec community were enhancing arms race risks) (and this was when Jason was leading CSET, and OP supporting its founding). Some of the same people were also supportive of export controls, which are more ambiguous-sign here.
The export controls seemed like a pretty central example of hawkishness towards China and a reasonable precursor to this report. The central motivation in all that I have written related to them was about beating China in AI capabilities development.
Of course no one likes a symmetric arms race, but the question is did people favor the “quickly establish overwhelming dominance towards China by investing heavily in AI” or the “try to negotiate with China and not set an example of racing towards AGI” strategy. My sense is many people favored the former (though definitely not all, and I am not saying that there is anything like consensus, my sense is it’s a quite divisive topic).
To support your point, I have seen much writing from Helen Toner on trying to dispel hawkishness towards China, and have been grateful for that. Against your point, at the recent “AI Security Forum” in Vegas, many x-risk concerned people expressed very hawkish opinions.
Yeah re the export controls, I was trying to say “I think CSET was generally anti-escalatory, but in contrast, the effect of their export controls work was less so” (though I used the word “ambiguous” because my impression was that some relevant people saw a pro of that work that it also mostly didn’t directly advance AI progress in the US, i.e. it set China back without necessarily bringing the US forward towards AGI). To use your terminology, my impression is some of those people were “trying to establish overwhelming dominance over China” but not by “investing heavily in AI”.
Maybe instead of “where people actually listen to us” it’s more like “EA in a world where people filter the most memetically fit of our ideas through their preconceived notions into something that only vaguely resembles what the median EA cares about but is importantly different from the world in which EA didn’t exist.”
I don’t want to claim all EAs believe the same things, but if the congressional commission had listened to what you might call the “central” EA position, it would not be recommending an arms race because it would be much more concerned about misalignment risk. The overwhelming majority of EAs involved in AI safety seem to agree that arms races are bad and misalignment risk is the biggest concern (within AI safety). So if anything this is a problem of the commission not listening to EAs, or at least selectively listening to only the parts they want to hear.
In most cases this is a rumors based thing, but I have heard that a substantial chunk of the OP-adjacent EA-policy space has been quite hawkish for many years, and at least the things I have heard is that a bunch of key leaders “basically agreed with the China part of situational awareness”.
Again, people should really take this with a double-dose of salt, I am personally at like 50⁄50 of this being true, and I would love people like lukeprog or Holden or Jason Matheny or others high up at RAND to clarify their positions here. I am not attached to what I believe, but I have heard these rumors from sources that didn’t seem crazy (but also various things could have been lost in a game of telephone, and being very concerned about China doesn’t result in endorsing a “Manhattan project to AGI”, though the rumors that I have heard did sound like they would endorse that)
Less rumor-based, I also know that Dario has historically been very hawkish, and “needing to beat China” was one of the top justifications historically given for why Anthropic does capability research. I have heard this from many people, so feel more comfortable saying it with fewer disclaimers, but am still only like 80% on it being true.
Overall, my current guess is that indeed, a large-ish fraction of the EA policy people would have pushed for things like this, and at least didn’t seem like they would push back on it that much. My guess is “we” are at least somewhat responsible for this, and there is much less of a consensus against a U.S. china arms race in US governance among EAs than one might think, and so the above is not much evidence that there was no listening or only very selective listening to EAs.
I looked thru the congressional commission report’s list of testimonies for plausibly EA-adjacent people. The only EA-adjacent org I saw was CSET, which had two testimonies (1, 2). From a brief skim, neither one looked clearly pro- or anti-arms race. They seemed vaguely pro-arms race on vibes but I didn’t see any claims that look like they were clearly encouraging an arms race—but like I said, I only briefly skimmed them, so I could have missed a lot.
It looks to me like the online EA community, and the EAs I know IRL, have a fairly strong consensus that arms races are bad. Perhaps there’s a divide in opinions with most self-identified EAs on one side, and policy people / company leaders on the other side—which in my view is unfortunate since the people holding the most power are also the most wrong.
(Is there some systematic reason why this would be true? At least one part of it makes sense: people who start AGI companies must believe that building AGI is the right move. It could also be that power corrupts, or something.)
So maybe I should say the congressional commission should’ve spent less time listening to EA policy people and more time reading the EA Forum. Which obviously was never going to happen but it would’ve been nice.
Slightly independent to the point Habryka is making, which may well also be true, my anecdotal impression is that the online EA community / EAs I know IRL were much bigger on ‘we need to beat China’ arguments 2-4 years ago. If so, simple lag can also be part of the story here. In particular I think it was the mainstream position just before ChatGPT was released, and partly as a result I doubt an ‘overwhelming majority of EAs involved in AI safety’ disagree with it even now.
Example from August 2022:
https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/why-not-slow-ai-progress
Later, talking about why attempting a regulatory approach to avoiding a race is futile:
I feel like a generic non-EA policy person reading that post could well end up where the congressional commission landed? It’s right there in the section that most explicitly talks about policy.
Scott’s last sentence seems to be claiming that avoiding an arms race is easier than solving alignment (and it would seem to follow from that that we shouldn’t race). But I can see how a politician reading this article wouldn’t see that implication.
Yep, my impression is that this is an opinion that people mostly adopted after spending a bunch of time in DC and engaging with governance stuff, and so is not something represented in the broader EA population.
My best explanation is that when working in governance, being pro-China is just very costly, and especially combining the belief that AI will be very powerful, and there is no urgency to beat China to it, seems very anti-memetic in DC, and so people working in the space started adopting those stances.
But I am not sure. There are also non-terrible arguments for beating China being really important (though they are mostly premised on alignment being relatively easy, which seems very wrong to me).
Not just alignment being easy, but alignment being easy with overwhelmingly high probability. It seems to me that pushing for an arms race is bad even if there’s only a 5% chance that alignment is hard.
I think most of those people believe that “having an AI aligned to ‘China’s values’” would be comparably bad to a catastrophic misalignment failure, and if you believe that, 5% is not sufficient, if you think there is a greater than 5% of China ending up with “aligned AI” instead.
I think that’s not a reasonable position to hold but I don’t know how to constructively argue against it in a short comment so I’ll just register my disagreement.
Like, presumably China’s values include humans existing and having mostly good experiences.
Yep, I agree with this, but it appears nevertheless a relatively prevalent opinion among many EAs working in AI policy.
This is inconsistent with my impressions and recollections. Most clearly, my sense is that CSET was (maybe still is, not sure) known for being very anti-escalatory towards China, and did substantial early research debunking hawkish views about AI progress in China, demonstrating it was less far along than ways widely believed in DC (and that EAs were involved in this, because they thought it was true and important, because they thought current false fears in the greater natsec community were enhancing arms race risks) (and this was when Jason was leading CSET, and OP supporting its founding). Some of the same people were also supportive of export controls, which are more ambiguous-sign here.
The export controls seemed like a pretty central example of hawkishness towards China and a reasonable precursor to this report. The central motivation in all that I have written related to them was about beating China in AI capabilities development.
Of course no one likes a symmetric arms race, but the question is did people favor the “quickly establish overwhelming dominance towards China by investing heavily in AI” or the “try to negotiate with China and not set an example of racing towards AGI” strategy. My sense is many people favored the former (though definitely not all, and I am not saying that there is anything like consensus, my sense is it’s a quite divisive topic).
To support your point, I have seen much writing from Helen Toner on trying to dispel hawkishness towards China, and have been grateful for that. Against your point, at the recent “AI Security Forum” in Vegas, many x-risk concerned people expressed very hawkish opinions.
Yeah re the export controls, I was trying to say “I think CSET was generally anti-escalatory, but in contrast, the effect of their export controls work was less so” (though I used the word “ambiguous” because my impression was that some relevant people saw a pro of that work that it also mostly didn’t directly advance AI progress in the US, i.e. it set China back without necessarily bringing the US forward towards AGI). To use your terminology, my impression is some of those people were “trying to establish overwhelming dominance over China” but not by “investing heavily in AI”.
Maybe instead of “where people actually listen to us” it’s more like “EA in a world where people filter the most memetically fit of our ideas through their preconceived notions into something that only vaguely resembles what the median EA cares about but is importantly different from the world in which EA didn’t exist.”
On that framing, I agree that that’s something that happens and that we should be able to anticipate will happen.