At a first glance, this seems to only track how much money was raised, not how much impact was generated.
It also seems that the hard-coded percentages remove some of the advantages of impact markets (but maybe I looked at the demo too much and your actual proposal is different from that). What I like about traditional impact markets is that it can be modeled with VCs as selfish actors and final oracular funders as altruistic actors. Mixing these two makes the proposal confusing to me, for example it is not clear to me why a later (altruistic) donor would buy out an earlier donor, instead of giving the money directly to the project.
Yes. What is not mentioned in their 2-sentence preview is that they are also concerned about human extinction from power-seeking AI systems. I think this is a big contributor to ranking power-seeking AI systems as #1.