People considering this strategy should be aware that the sports-betting companies have lobbied many state legislatures to make these promotional “risk-free first bets” deductible from the companies’ tax bills.
The tax treatment of these promotions in Massachusetts seems to be unsettled; however, companies may end up being able to deduct promotional bets from their taxable income, as they can in other states. That would mean that following the steps outlined here would reduce the tax revenue that Massachusetts has available to pay for public programs like education and public safety (or return directly to taxpayers, as it did with surplus revenue last year).
The New York Times recently revealed that numerous states that have recently legalized betting have allowed apps to deduct the money they dole out in promotions from their taxable revenues. The question remains unsettled here in the Commonwealth. At the most recent meeting of the Massachusetts Gaming Commission, commissioners decided that they had the authority to decide whether promos would be deductible (by a 3-to-2 margin) but tabled the question until a future meeting.
If they ultimately do decide in the apps’ favor, we’ll all be paying for my bonus bets.
I think reasonable people could differ on whether it’s morally permissible to take a favorable promotional deal from companies in an unusually harmful industry, especially if the deal has a side effect of reducing public resources. I’m not personally comfortable taking such a deal, and I’d encourage others to allow some time for reflection before doing so.
The tax treatment of these promotions in Massachusetts seems to be unsettled; however, companies may end up being able to deduct promotional bets from their taxable income, as they can in other states.
That seems like the straightforwardly correct way for things to work. Offering these promos is an expense for the company, reducing profits, just like if they had spent the money on advertising. Since corporate taxes are levied on profits, anything that reduces your profits should reduce your taxes.
Of course, if the promotion is effective, it will overall increase their revenue and profits—and hence the taxes paid—again just like an advertising campaign.
The same argument could be applied to any discount that any firm offers—should people feel guilty for buying clothes on clearance sale, or accepting a free sample at the supermarket, as this also reduces profits and hence taxes? I don’t think people should feel guilty about ’it is possible that this activity might be taxed in a manner consistent with other activities.
Most people aren’t buying clothes on clearance or accepting free samples at the supermarket with a primary goal of maximizing altruistic impact; if they were, I think it would be reasonable for them to account for the tax-revenue consequences in their decision. (I do think it’s permissible to accept those kinds of promotions in everyday life, but I think that’s separate from how we should account for their impact.)
I’m not sure how corporate taxes work exactly, but I don’t think the companies benefit overall by giving you the money if you only take advantage of promotions like this and don’t also bet more often than otherwise besides with promotions. Otherwise, companies would donate a lot more and enough to never pay any taxes (or pay only the minimum required after all possible deductions).
So the net effects of taking advantage of this are that the companies earn less in net profits and pay less taxes. But they’d pay less in taxes if they were less profitable, anyway (although they’re probably paying even less, relative to their net profits). Then
If you think it’s good that these companies earn less in net profits after taxes, then that counts in favour of taking and using their promotion money.
If you’re worried about reducing public resources, then this also counts against you using charitable tax credits/deductions in order to donate more to EA charities in general. But EAs don’t typically worry about this, because our charitable dollars do much more good and the rate here is still pretty favourable.
Although more controversial, you might even believe reducing public expenditures overall is good, if you believe the state uses marginal funding in net harmful ways, with harms from wars, enforcing unjust laws or overburdensome regulation.
Thanks for this addition. I think I agree about the likely net effects on the companies’ profits and tax bills, and I mostly mean to be highlighting that some (uncertain) fraction of the money people gain by following this approach would counterfactually have ended up in the hands of the state government, not the sports-betting companies.
That consideration makes the strategy less attractive than it would be if the money came entirely from the companies,[1] and it might be enough to make the proposed strategy net-harmful by some people’s lights, especially if they are less than certain that:
They will stop betting as soon as they exhaust their “free” bets.
They won’t inadvertently promote sports betting to others who might be harmed by exposure to the industry.
They will donate almost all of the proceeds to charitable causes that are more beneficial than marginal public spending.
I think it’s reasonable for people to worry that one or more of these conditions won’t hold in practice.
This point doesn’t hold if you think marginal public spending is worse than marginal corporate profits for sports-betting companies, but my guess is that relatively few people hold that view.
Those of us who feel this way can voluntarily pay a higher tax rate or donate some of the proceeds of this method to an effective charity (which they should do anyway!) to offset the perceived harm of reducing Massachusetts tax revenue.
People considering this strategy should be aware that the sports-betting companies have lobbied many state legislatures to make these promotional “risk-free first bets” deductible from the companies’ tax bills.
The tax treatment of these promotions in Massachusetts seems to be unsettled; however, companies may end up being able to deduct promotional bets from their taxable income, as they can in other states. That would mean that following the steps outlined here would reduce the tax revenue that Massachusetts has available to pay for public programs like education and public safety (or return directly to taxpayers, as it did with surplus revenue last year).
As recently reported in The Boston Globe:
I think reasonable people could differ on whether it’s morally permissible to take a favorable promotional deal from companies in an unusually harmful industry, especially if the deal has a side effect of reducing public resources. I’m not personally comfortable taking such a deal, and I’d encourage others to allow some time for reflection before doing so.
That seems like the straightforwardly correct way for things to work. Offering these promos is an expense for the company, reducing profits, just like if they had spent the money on advertising. Since corporate taxes are levied on profits, anything that reduces your profits should reduce your taxes.
Of course, if the promotion is effective, it will overall increase their revenue and profits—and hence the taxes paid—again just like an advertising campaign.
The same argument could be applied to any discount that any firm offers—should people feel guilty for buying clothes on clearance sale, or accepting a free sample at the supermarket, as this also reduces profits and hence taxes? I don’t think people should feel guilty about ’it is possible that this activity might be taxed in a manner consistent with other activities.
I think there are two differences that might matter to some people, but I don’t mean to claim that they will or should be decisive for everyone:
The relevant marginal tax rates for sports-betting companies are much higher than for companies selling consumer goods like clothes and food; in Massachusetts, I think the relevant tax rate is 20% for app-based sports betting.
Most people aren’t buying clothes on clearance or accepting free samples at the supermarket with a primary goal of maximizing altruistic impact; if they were, I think it would be reasonable for them to account for the tax-revenue consequences in their decision. (I do think it’s permissible to accept those kinds of promotions in everyday life, but I think that’s separate from how we should account for their impact.)
Money in the hands of charities is orders of magnitude more effective than “public resources”.
I’m not sure how corporate taxes work exactly, but I don’t think the companies benefit overall by giving you the money if you only take advantage of promotions like this and don’t also bet more often than otherwise besides with promotions. Otherwise, companies would donate a lot more and enough to never pay any taxes (or pay only the minimum required after all possible deductions).
So the net effects of taking advantage of this are that the companies earn less in net profits and pay less taxes. But they’d pay less in taxes if they were less profitable, anyway (although they’re probably paying even less, relative to their net profits). Then
If you think it’s good that these companies earn less in net profits after taxes, then that counts in favour of taking and using their promotion money.
If you’re worried about reducing public resources, then this also counts against you using charitable tax credits/deductions in order to donate more to EA charities in general. But EAs don’t typically worry about this, because our charitable dollars do much more good and the rate here is still pretty favourable.
Although more controversial, you might even believe reducing public expenditures overall is good, if you believe the state uses marginal funding in net harmful ways, with harms from wars, enforcing unjust laws or overburdensome regulation.
Thanks for this addition. I think I agree about the likely net effects on the companies’ profits and tax bills, and I mostly mean to be highlighting that some (uncertain) fraction of the money people gain by following this approach would counterfactually have ended up in the hands of the state government, not the sports-betting companies.
That consideration makes the strategy less attractive than it would be if the money came entirely from the companies,[1] and it might be enough to make the proposed strategy net-harmful by some people’s lights, especially if they are less than certain that:
They will stop betting as soon as they exhaust their “free” bets.
They won’t inadvertently promote sports betting to others who might be harmed by exposure to the industry.
They will donate almost all of the proceeds to charitable causes that are more beneficial than marginal public spending.
I think it’s reasonable for people to worry that one or more of these conditions won’t hold in practice.
This point doesn’t hold if you think marginal public spending is worse than marginal corporate profits for sports-betting companies, but my guess is that relatively few people hold that view.
Those of us who feel this way can voluntarily pay a higher tax rate or donate some of the proceeds of this method to an effective charity (which they should do anyway!) to offset the perceived harm of reducing Massachusetts tax revenue.